What Is Tooth Decay in Children? Causes, Symptoms & Prevention Tips

Tooth decay in children, also known as dental caries, is a regular oral health problem that is treatable. It happens when acid-producing bacteria cause the outer layer of the teeth, called enamel, to become weakened. According to data from the Centers for Disease Prevention (CDC), 46.0% of children between the ages of 2 and 19 have untreated or restored dental caries in one or more central or permanent teeth. But the good news? It is avoidable! Your parents and guardians need to know the causes, symptoms, and prevention tips of tooth decay provided by a professional pediatric dentist in Saskatoon, which is required to ensure your child's smile remains healthy. This guide discusses the causes, symptoms, and professional preventative methods for tooth decay to help you ensure your child's overall dental health.

What Is Children's Tooth Decay?

The enamel, the tough outer surface of the tooth, is gradually destroyed by tooth decay. Cavities, small openings in the teeth, and, in severe cases, pain and infection, are the results of untreated decay over time. Tooth decay is one of the most common chronic diseases in children; however, it can be prevented through appropriate dental hygiene.

Causes of Tooth Decay in Children

Examine the following reasons why children have tooth decay:

1. Inadequate Dental Care

Oral health is an essential element of our overall health. Bad oral hygiene can lead to the buildup of plaque on the teeth. Plaque is a fluid-like substance that covers the teeth and is formed when bacteria in the mouth combine with food and saliva. Cavities can develop rapidly as a result of this plaque accumulation. Find high-quality dental care in Saskatoon to keep your mouth healthy with specialised treatments.

2. High-Sugar Diets

One's diet significantly influences oral health. Frequently, children are at risk of dental decay due to a diet that is excessively high in carbohydrates and sugars. The bacteria in the mouth cause the molecules in sugary foods, including fizzy beverages, sweets, and cakes, to become acidic. Cavities are the result of the acid's deterioration of tooth enamel over time.

3. Dry Mouth

Your child may be susceptible to tooth decay due to insufficient saliva production or dry mouth. Saliva's main job is to remove food particles from the mouth. Saliva has additional properties that can fight the microorganisms that cause tooth decay.

Tooth Decay Symptoms in Children

Here are a few of the most common symptoms to be aware of:

1. Developing White Dots on the Teeth

Tooth decay may be detected by white patches on the teeth. Compared to the other teeth, they seem to be a different shade of white. When the enamel, the teeth's outermost layer, is harmed, these patches appear.

2. Darkening Tooth

The calcium content of enamel is responsible for the shiny appearance of teeth. However, the enamel starts to break down, exposing the underlying layer (the dentine) gradually. This results in the teeth appearing darkened in colour.

3. Pain or Sensitivity to Sweet, Cold, or Heated Foods

The tooth's outer protective layer of enamel may become utilised, resulting in sensitivity to heat, cold, and sweet foods. Removing the enamel reveals the sensitive dentine layer of the tooth. The nerves within the tiny teeth are connected by the dentine, which is characterised by the presence of minute openings. Food and drink can cause tooth sensitivity or discomfort by reaching the nervous center of the tooth after the dentin is exposed.

Tips for Preventing Tooth Decay in Children

A combination of professional care and excellent habits is necessary to prevent cavities in children. Follow these guidelines to safeguard your child's oral health:

1. Start Oral Hygiene Practices at an Early Age

Begin cleaning your baby's gums with damp tissue before the emergence of teeth. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and a small quantity of fluoride toothpaste after the first tooth develops. Also, increase the amount of toothpaste to a pea-sized dab by the age of 3. 

2. Promoting Correct Brushing and Flossing

Always brush twice a day for at least two minutes. Also, floss daily to eliminate plaque between teeth. Supervise your child's brushing until they can do it well alone, usually by age 8.

3. Utilise Fluoride

Select fluoridated toothpaste and mouthwash that correspond to the individual's age. Consider fluoride treatments administered at the clinics of Saskatoon dentists. Additionally, guarantee that your child consumes fluoridated tap water, provided that it is accessible in your region.

4. Limit Sugar-Filled Foods and Beverages

Do not consume sugary beverages, cookies, or sweets as snacks. Also, choose tooth-friendly snacks such as nuts, cheese, crunchy vegetables, and fruits. It is recommended that individuals consume water throughout the day to eliminate dietary particles.

5. Consistent Dental Checkups

Book an appointment with a professional pediatric dentist for expert cleanings and checkups every six months. Additionally, consult your dentist regarding fluoride treatments and sealants.

Final Thoughts

Tooth decay in children is an awful issue that can have a lasting impact on their oral health, although it is preventable. By promoting a healthy smile and safeguarding your child from cavities, it is possible to encourage good oral hygiene practices, limit sugar intake, and ensure regular dental checkups. 

Early detection and intervention are crucial for the prevention of extra damage. It is necessary not to ignore the signs of decay, as prompt treatment may prevent the development of more complex problems in the future. By taking proactive measures today with the guidance of a pediatric dentist, you can guarantee that your child's oral health remains exceptional for years to come.